Present status and prospects of the tourist sector

According to Cyprus Tourism Organization data, visitor arrivals for 2001 came up to 2.804.654, recording a decrease of 3,70% in relation to 2000. Of these visitors, 2.696.732 were long-stay visitors (tourists) and the rest 143.922 were one-day visitors (excursionists). The average length of stay of tourists in Cyprus during 2001 came to 10,28 days, and the average expenditure per person came up to CYP 441.5 in 2001 [8].

Gross receipts from tourism in 2001 were estimated at CYP1.277 million, displaying an increase of 6.95% over the 2000 receipts (CYP1.194 million).

The tourist sector is very important to the economy of Cyprus, as revenue from tourism in 2001 accounted for 46.8% of the total foreign exchange earnings from the export of goods and services. The direct employment in the tourist industry reached 40500 persons in 2001 by 15300 in 1991.

By the end of 2001, a total of 88.302 beds were in operation in all licensed tourist establishments in Cyprus, presenting about 40% increase rate during the last decade (63564 beds in 1991).

Present status and prospects of the Public Sector

The analysis of the public sector includes the following sub-sectors:

Health Services.

 The term “Health Services” comprises all enterprises which are involved in:

• Human health activities (hospitals, etc.)

• Veterinary activities

Social work activities In Cyprus there are 2400 establishments in this sub-sector, from which 162 account for more than 80% of the final energy consumption, whilst 7 account for more than 50% of the final energy consumption (big hospitals).

 

Cultural and Sport facilities
The term “Cultural and Sport Activities” comprises all enterprises which are involved in:

Motion picture and video

• Radio and television activities

• Other entertainment activities

• News agency activities

• Library, archives, museums, and other cultural

• Sporting activities

Other recreational activities In Cyprus there are approximately 1900 establishments active in this sub-sector, from which 45 account more than 60% of the final energy consumption.

) Government and Semi-Government

The term “Government and Semi-Government” comprises all establishments involved in :

• Administration of the State
• Provision of services to the community
• Compulsory social security activities
• Municipalities, Improvement Boards

• Semi Government organisations In Cyprus there are approximately 2700 units in this sub-sector, from which 300 account for more than 80% of the final energy consumption [5].

Table 1.8 Republic of Cyprus: Schools, Teachers, and Enrollments, Selected School Years, 1975-76 to 1988- 89

	1975-76	1980-81	1984-85	1988-89
	Preprimary schools
Schools	96	259	374	497
Teachers	222	418	592	826
Enrollment	4,229	10,397	15,607	20,280
	Primary schools
Schools	400	443	396	382
Teachers	2,093	2,183	2,193	2,689
Enrollment	56,554	48,701	47,381	58,706
	Secondary schools
Schools	80	91	105	105
Teachers	2,364	2,910	3,126	3,439
Enrollment	49,373	47,599	48,752	42,613
	Vocational and technical schools
Schools	8	13	15	24
Teachers	78	191	250	430

Table 1.9 Hospital beds

	1990	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001
Hospital beds (number)	3,405	3,298	3,273	3,114	3,078	3,072	3,147	3,068

Present status and prospects of the Commercial sector

The analysis of the commercial sector includes the following sub-sectors: ) Sale and Retail Trade The term “Sale and Retail Trade” comprises all enterprises which are involved in:

• Repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles and personal and household goods,
• Sale, maintenance and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (and related parts and accessories)
• Retail sale of automotive fuel
• Wholesale on a fee or contract basis
• Wholesale of agricultural raw materials and live animals
• Wholesale of food, beverages and tobacco
• Wholesale of household goods
• Wholesale of non-agricultural intermediate products, waste and scrap
• Wholesale of machinery, equipment and supplies
• Retail sale in non-specialised stores
• Retail sale of food, beverages, tobacco in specialised stores
• Retail sale of pharmaceutical and medical goods, cosmetic and toilet articles
• Other retail of new goods in specialised stores
• Retail sale of second hand goods in stores
• Retail sale not in stores

• Repair of personal and household goods In Cyprus there are 21000 industrial establishments active in this sector, from which 3000 account for more than 70% of the final energy consumption

) Offices

The term “Offices” comprises all enterprises which are involved in:

• Financial Intermediation (Banks, etc.)
• Insurance and pension funding
• Activities auxiliary to financial intermediation
• Travel Agencies
• Real estate activities
• Renting of machinery and equipment
• Computer and related activities
• Research and development
• Other business activities (Legal, Accounting, Auditing activities, Architectural and Engineering activities, Advertising, Technical testing and analysis, Labour recruitment, Investigation and security activities, Industrial cleaning)

In Cyprus there are approximately 6000 establishments active in this sub-sector, from which 900 account more than 80% of the final energy consumption

) Other Services

The term “Other Service Activities” comprises all enterprises which are involved in:

• Common services in buildings

• Laundry, hair saloon, etc. In Cyprus there are approximately 11000 establishments active in this sub-sector, from which 600 account more than 50% of the final energy consumption

) Cargo Handling

The term “Cargo Handling” comprises all establishments involved in:

• Cargo handling and storage In Cyprus there are approximately 4000 units in this sub-sector, from which 76 account for more than 50% of the final energy consumption

) Refrigeration Storage

In Cyprus there are approximately 400 units in this sub-sector, from which 40 account for more than 50% of the final energy consumption

Present status and prospects of the Residential sector

The average household size is 3.06 persons in 2001, by 3.23 persons in 1992.

	1992	2001	Rate of change (%)
Type of building (for conventional dwellings only)	231.930	292.934	26,3%
Single house	100.408	124.526	24,0%
Semi detached or doublex	35.510	47.752	34,5%
Row house	27.186	28.605	5,2%
Back yard house	9.529	9.519	-0,1%
Apartment blocks	39.290	60.042	52,8%
Dwelling in partly residential building	19.504	21.844	12,0%
Other type / not stated	503	646	28,4%

Table1.10 Type of building (residential sector)

Table 1.11 Classification of buildings per year of construction

Year of construction (for conventional dwellings only)	292.934	sharing
Prior to 1945	21.692	7%
1946-1960	24.998	9%
1961-1970	24.425	8%
1971-1980	60.632	21%
1981-1990	80.301	27%
1991-1995	43.446	15%
1996-2001	35.829	12%
Not stated	1.611	1%

Present status and prospects of the Industrial sector

During 1998, the broad Industrial Sector (mining, quarrying, manufacturing, electricity, gas and water) continued its recovery experienced since 1996. The real rate of growth (as measured in terms of the value-added contribution to the Gross Domestic Product at constant market prices) is estimated at 1,1% for manufacturing, 15,8 % for mining and quarrying, and 7,8% for electricity, gas and water.

During 1998 the manufacturing sub-sector continued its recovery experienced since 1996, due mainly to an increase in local consumption and tourism. Value added of the sector increased by 1,1% in real terms compared to 0,6% increase in 1997.

Food, beverages and tobacco, which traditionally is the largest group in 1998 contributed 35,3% to the manufacturing value added, registered a 2,9% increase at constant market prices in value added. This was mainly the result of an increase in domestic demand.

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather, the second largest group, contributing 12,3% to the manufacturing value added, recorded a decline of 2,9% at constant market prices in value added, attributable mainly to a decrease in exports of clothing, footwear and travel goods as well as a decline in domestic demand. Clothing continued to be in 1998 the most important manufacturing item.

Present status and prospects of the Transport sector

The transport sector in Cyprus is the country’s largest and more rapidly growing final energy consumer. In 2000, its share in the final energy market was over 46% and the relative trend is steadily upward. Road transport still dominates over the whole sector, with private cars be the prevailing transport means in the country.

Table 1.12 Number of vehicles

TRANSPORT	1990	2001
Passengers Cars	178.602	280.069
Private saloon cars (incl. learners and invalid)	171.425	270.348
Taxis	1.732	1.641
For rental (self-drive)	5.445	8.080
Buses	2.308	3.003
Goods conveyance vehicles	74.325	117.942
Mechanised cycles	50.953	41.985
Tractors	8.517	13.594
Other vehicles, n.e.c.	1.732	2.513
Total - Number of vehicles (licensed at the end of year)	316.437	459.106